Wednesday, June 7, 2017

Neo Westphalian Europe Part 31: Cantonal Republic of Andalusia


The Republic of Andalusia is another region on the Iberian Peninsula that has a storied history in its independence. It is of course well remembered as the region where Jew, Christian and Muslim lived in the most harmony, back in the late dark ages and early middle ages. Even if this tale is somewhat mythic in nature, many national identities are after all; it is still a positive idea to hold to a world currently embroiled in a devastating round of Crusades.

However it is likely that the new Andalusian state will focus much less on the theocracy of its inhabitants. Andalusia is also known for its peasant revolts in the 1800’s and thus its early experiments with Anarchism. The peasants threw off the yoke of the Monarchy at times and experimented with the republican ideas being spread by the aftermath of the French revolution. They tended to focus on the ideology of Cantonalism to run these republics by. 

These early experiments then heavily influenced the later Anarchists, who were so prevalent during the Civil War of the 1930’s. In the modern era we are of course seeing another great experiment in Anarchism taking place in the region of Rojava, in Syria. They have in fact returned to an era of Cantonalism in this area. Many have pointed out the remarkable similarities between the conflict currently raging in Syria and that which raged in Spain in the 1930’s

Therefore it is hypothesised here that, as Andalusia gains its independence again during the coming break up, it will most likely become a place that the Anarchists of the peninsula will flock too, as they experiment with their model of governance. Again it is hypothesised that, to avoid a new outbreak of civil war,  a number of experiments will take place across the peninsula simultaneously. As long as no one ideology attempts to take over its neighbours, this should prevent an outbreak of a new civil war. Monarchists in Astur-Leon should be able to live comfortably next door to their Anarchist neighbours. 

Indeed this is the true crux of what a world restored to Westphalianism should look like. Westphalian principles, such as no one being allowed to force what theocracy a population follows on their neighbours, can be expanded on to include which model of governance and social organisation they choose to run their affairs under as well.

The eastern regions of the Andalusia Autonomous Community currently have their own independence movement. There is also a competing claim to some of this land from the neighbouring nation of what will be Cartagena. Therefore it is hypothesised here that some of the east will actually remain within an Andalusian republic, however the parts claimed by Cartagena will be ceded to it. As well as this, it has previously been noted, that it is unlikely an Extremaduran state could survive as a landlocked entity. Therefore the Leonese speaking northern province would go to Astur-Leon and the Castilian speaking south would be a part of this new Andalusian confederation. 

Finally it would make sense that, with all the changes taking place around the continent, Gibraltar would finally reunite with the Cadiz province. A stipulation protecting their language rights should ease concerns, of former British citizens living in the region, that they will face hardships under the new arrangement. Given that the United Kingdom will be no more and that Spain itself will be no more, this should not be seen as a problematic development as it was to the geopolitical order of old.

This would leave a new Andalusian nation made up of the Huelva, Seville, Cadiz, Cordoba, Malaga, Jaen and Granada Provinces, currently in the Andalusia Autonomous Community, in Spain. Added to this will be the Badajoz Province, currently in the Extremadura Autonomous Community, also formerly in Spain.


The flag of Andalusia is another flag that shows the left leaning stance this republic will take. It consists of the colours of the flag of the current Andalusian Autonomous Community. This flag was adopted in 1918 by nationalists of the time. However they remained in a union with Spain at that time. The modern flag replaces the coat of arms with the socialist star. This flag was created by the Nacion Andaluza party and was adopted in 1991. It is now used by the broader milieu of nationalists.

Go To Part 32

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